Photodegradation of Bexarotene and Its Implication for Cytotoxicity

A detailed understanding of the stability an active pharmaceutical ingredient and a dosage form is essential for drug-development process safe effective use medicines. Photostability testing as inherent part studies provides valuable knowledge on degradation pathways structures products generated under UV irradiation. particularly important topically administered drugs, they are more exposed to radiation. Bexarotene recent third-generation retinoid approved by U.S. Food Drug Administration European Medicines Agency applied anticancer agent. The present study aimed assess bexarotene photostability, including presence filters, which have been permitted be used in cosmetic Europe USA. photostability was performed ethanol solutions formulations PMMA plates. UPLC-MS/MS technique determine tested substance. photocatalysts such TiO2 or ZnO, well organic filters avobenzone, benzophenone-3, meradimate, homosalate, could contribute Four photocatalytic were identified first time. antiproliferative properties assessed MTT assay panel human adherent cancer cells, concentration-dependent growth inhibition evidenced all cell lines. cytotoxicity formed after 4 h irradiation significantly higher than that parent compound (p < 0.05). Furthermore non-cancerous murine fibroblasts exhibited marked bexarotene, while elicited pronounced action only at highest concentration.